Nose

The cold or acute upper respiratory tract infection is a very common and widespread infection caused by viruses. If the natural function of the nose is impaired, viruses enter and multiply more easily in the nasal mucosa, causing an infection that we "colloquially" call the common cold. In most cases, the common cold is mild and lasts for a week or less, and is accompanied by symptoms such as runny and stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat, cough, headache, and sometimes fever.

Acute rhinosinusitis most often occurs as a result of a cold or allergy, which creates the preconditions for infection. It is most often caused by bacteria or viruses, much less by fungi. Bacteria that most often cause acute sinusitis are often present on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, but in conditions of inflamed and swollen mucous membranes and difficult sinus ventilation, benefits are created for increasing the number of bacteria and the development of infection.

Chronic rhinosinusitis occurs mainly in patients who have had frequent acute bacterial and allergic inflammations that have not been adequately treated. Patients often suffer from headaches, nasal secretion, nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and a reduced sense of smell. Symptoms of chronic sinusitis last longer than those of acute sinusitis, and in some people, they never fully subside.

Nasal polyposis is a disease that affects the nasal mucosa and paranasal cavities characterised by the localised formation of benign growths (polyps) on the mucosa. These formations are inflammatory, and if not treated early, can cause a permanent nasal obstruction and lead to a significantly weaker sense of smell.